Effector proteins that help fungi invade multiple host plants

Recently, a research group of professors at the University of Córdoba in Spain published an online report entitled Conserved secreted effectors contribute to endophytic growth and multihost plant compatibility in a at The Plant Cell The Vascular Wilt Fungus paper reveals that Fusarium oxysporum, the blight-inducing fungus, secretes a group of effector proteins that enable it to colonize
the roots of a variety of plants.

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Interactions between plants and microorganisms occur underground
.
The soil-dwelling fungus Fusarium oxysporum is able to enter the roots of host plants and colonize in ducts responsible for transporting water, which can cause blight in host plants and cause immeasurable losses
to the production of hundreds of crops worldwide.
Although specific Fusarium acusia strains can only cause blight in a limited number of plants, these strains can still colonize
the outer root layers of other plants without inducing disease.
Asymptomatic root colonization can even protect plants from infection
by other pathogens.
However, how Fusarium oxyspora can colonize the roots of plants in multiple host plants remains to be studied
.

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Fusarium acudia infection is initially colonized
mainly by hyphae that grow in the intercellular space of plants.
We infer that these fungi should release specific effector proteins into the plant intercellular space to facilitate their root colonization
.
To test this idea, we used discovery proteomics to detect the proteins
it releases.

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We identified a group of previously unstudied fungal effector proteins and named them Early Root Colonization (ERC).

Studies have shown that ERC proteins help fungi colonize a wide range of plants, including cultivated tomatoes and their evolutionarily distant non-vascular plant Marchantia polymorpha
.
Interestingly, the predictions show that these widely present ERC proteins in fungi may bind to and modify the constituent molecules
of plant cell walls.
This suggests that plant cell walls play an important role
in the process of fungi establishing harmful or beneficial connections with plants.

Fol4287 caused visible disease syptoms on Marchantia thalli.

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The discovery of these ERC proteins helps us understand how root-colonizing fungi infect multiple host plants
.
Future research will aim to uncover the plant mechanisms underlying these effector proteins and protect crops from pathogenic fungi
.

References:

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Amry Redkar et al.

Translated by Yingqi Cai, TPC Assistant Features Editor

Edited by ZhaodongHao, TPC Special Content Editor