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*For medical professionals only, a
table summary!
.
Risk factors for dyslipidemia include obesity, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes, and secondary factors include sedentary, physical inactivity, and a high-carbohydrate and/or simple sugar diet, with a steadily increasing incidence
.
Hyperlipidemia is the main cause of atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-related diseases such as coronary heart disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, etc.
, and is also one of the important manifestations of metabolic syndrome, studies have shown that hyperlipidemia before the age of 55 has a greater impact on the risk of coronary heart disease than hyperlipidemia in the elderly, which suggests the importance of
dyslipidemia management.
Lipids are a general term
for triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC) and lipids in plasma.
1.
Hypercholesterolemia: serum total cholesterol content increases, more than 5.
72 mmol/L, while triglyceride content is normal, that is, triglyceride < 1.
70mmol/L
.
2.
Hypertriglyceridemia: serum triglyceride content increased, more than 1.
70 mmol/L, while the total cholesterol content was normal, that is, the total cholesterol < 5.
72mmol/L
.
3.
Mixed hyperlipidemia: serum total cholesterol and triglyceride content are increased, that is, total cholesterol exceeds 5.
72 mmol/L, and triglycerides exceed 1.
70mmol/L
.
4.
Low high-density lipoproteinemia: serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol content < 0.
9 mmol/L
.
This type of hyperlipidemia can be present alone, with hypercholesterolemia, or with hypertriglyceridemia
.
Treatment of hyperlipidemia should begin with lifestyle modifications, including weight loss, modification of nutritional status (i.
e.
, restriction of simple carbohydrates, fats, and alcohol), and increased physical activity
.
1.
Reasonable diet: less salt, less oil, less sugar, recommend a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes and high soluble fiber, and avoid processed foods to reduce total calories
.
2.
Exercise program: usually includes 150~300 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, such as jogging or brisk walking, in addition to aerobic exercise, it is recommended to do at least every week 2 days of muscle-building training
.
3.
Stop smoking and limit alcohol: long-term drinking will stimulate the liver to synthesize more endogenous triglycerides, resulting in increased concentration of low-density lipoprotein in the blood and causing hypercholesterolemia; The incidence of coronary heart disease in smokers is 6 times that of non-smokers, so people with high blood lipids should quit smoking and limit alcohol
.
4.
Regular physical examination: obese people, family history of hyperlipidemia, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, highly stressed people, smokers, over 45 years old, postmenopausal women are high-risk groups, should be tested every year
.
Audit expert
Li Jia
, you can browse more endocrine frontier information without downloading
Call for Papers The Medical Endocrinology Channel welcomes your submissions! Click the link below or scan the QR code to submit: https://titan.
yishengzhan.
cn/#/public_contribution Please fill in the real information according to the call page*"The medical community" strives to publish the content professional and reliable, but does not promise the accuracy of the content; Relevant parties are requested to check
separately when adopting or using it as a basis for decision-making.
table summary!
AuthorNan General Department of Endocrinology Zhou Hui
.
Risk factors for dyslipidemia include obesity, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes, and secondary factors include sedentary, physical inactivity, and a high-carbohydrate and/or simple sugar diet, with a steadily increasing incidence
.
Hyperlipidemia is the main cause of atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-related diseases such as coronary heart disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, etc.
, and is also one of the important manifestations of metabolic syndrome, studies have shown that hyperlipidemia before the age of 55 has a greater impact on the risk of coronary heart disease than hyperlipidemia in the elderly, which suggests the importance of
dyslipidemia management.
First, the classification of hyperlipidemia
Lipids are a general term
for triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC) and lipids in plasma.
1.
Hypercholesterolemia: serum total cholesterol content increases, more than 5.
72 mmol/L, while triglyceride content is normal, that is, triglyceride < 1.
70mmol/L
.
2.
Hypertriglyceridemia: serum triglyceride content increased, more than 1.
70 mmol/L, while the total cholesterol content was normal, that is, the total cholesterol < 5.
72mmol/L
.
3.
Mixed hyperlipidemia: serum total cholesterol and triglyceride content are increased, that is, total cholesterol exceeds 5.
72 mmol/L, and triglycerides exceed 1.
70mmol/L
.
4.
Low high-density lipoproteinemia: serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol content < 0.
9 mmol/L
.
This type of hyperlipidemia can be present alone, with hypercholesterolemia, or with hypertriglyceridemia
.
Second, the management of hyperlipidemia
Treatment of hyperlipidemia should begin with lifestyle modifications, including weight loss, modification of nutritional status (i.
e.
, restriction of simple carbohydrates, fats, and alcohol), and increased physical activity
.
1.
Reasonable diet: less salt, less oil, less sugar, recommend a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes and high soluble fiber, and avoid processed foods to reduce total calories
.
2.
Exercise program: usually includes 150~300 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, such as jogging or brisk walking, in addition to aerobic exercise, it is recommended to do at least every week 2 days of muscle-building training
.
3.
Stop smoking and limit alcohol: long-term drinking will stimulate the liver to synthesize more endogenous triglycerides, resulting in increased concentration of low-density lipoprotein in the blood and causing hypercholesterolemia; The incidence of coronary heart disease in smokers is 6 times that of non-smokers, so people with high blood lipids should quit smoking and limit alcohol
.
4.
Regular physical examination: obese people, family history of hyperlipidemia, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, highly stressed people, smokers, over 45 years old, postmenopausal women are high-risk groups, should be tested every year
.
Third, the drug treatment of hyperlipidemia
Resources:
[1] Chinese Joint Committee for the Revision of Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults.
Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in adults in China (2016 revised edition)[J] Chinese Journal of Circulation, 2016, 31(10): 937-950
[2] Chinese Medical Association, Journal of Chinese Medical Association, General Practice Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of General Practitioners of Chinese Medical Association, Expert Group for Writing Guidelines for Primary Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular System Diseases.
Guidelines for the primary diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia (Practice Edition.
2019) Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 2019, 18(5): 417-421
Audit expert
Li Jia
- Director of the Department of Endocrinology, Southern Theater General Hospital, Doctor of Medicine, Graduate Supervisor
- Vice Chairman of Clinical Endocrine Drug Evaluation Branch of China Medical Education Association
- Chairman of the Osteoporosis Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee of Guangdong Geriatric Health Care Association
- Youth Committee Member of Endocrinology Branch of Guangdong Medical Association
- Vice Chairman of Diabetes Branch of Guangzhou Medical Association
- SCI and core journals have published more than 40 papers
- Editor-in-chief, co-editor and translator of 5 monographs
- In recent years, he has presided over 5 national natural, provincial and ministerial funds
- He has served as a simultaneous interpreter for many conferences
- Reviewer for several SCI journals
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This article was reviewedDirector of the Department of Endocrinology of the General Hospital of the Southern Theater Li Jia was responsible editorOrange
Call for Papers The Medical Endocrinology Channel welcomes your submissions! Click the link below or scan the QR code to submit: https://titan.
yishengzhan.
cn/#/public_contribution Please fill in the real information according to the call page*"The medical community" strives to publish the content professional and reliable, but does not promise the accuracy of the content; Relevant parties are requested to check
separately when adopting or using it as a basis for decision-making.
