Int J Nanomed: Lithium chloride accelerates bone formation around implants

Inflammatory bone dissolution caused by abrasive particles and the consequent aseptic loosening are the main causes of implant failure and renovation surgerySeveral studies have shown that the polarization and immune response of macrophages play a key role in bone dissolution and tissue repair around the implant, but no study has been used to explore the immune regulation of lithium chloride (LiCl), which protects the bone dissolved by wear particles by inhibiting bone-breaking cells and weakening the inflammatory responsein this work, the researchers explored LiCl's ability to immune regulate the transformation of macrophages phenotypes stimulated by titanium (Ti) nanoparticles and their effectons on bone differentiationWe first speculate that LiCl improves bone formation by driving macrophages to polarize and producing immune microenvironments, thereby reducing the inflammatory response of Tinano particlesIn addition, the use of metal nanoparticle-stimulated rat gas bag inflammation model to confirm this in vivo protectionresults show that metal nanoparticles can significantly activate the expression of M1 phenotypes (inflammatory macrophages) inside and outside the body and increase the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while LiCl drives macrophages to M2 phenotypes (anti-inflammatory macrophages) and increases the release of anti-inflammatory agents and bone-related cytokinesThis improves the bone-forming differentiation of bone-filled stem cells (rBMSCs) in ratsIn addition, we provide evidence of phosphorylation of p38 fissigen activated protein kinase (p38) and extracellular signal regulation kinase (ERK) pathways in polyphaphagocs that inhibit wear particles, the results show that LiCl has an immunomodulating effect that reduces the inflammatory response mediated by Ti nanoparticles and enhances bone differentiation of rBMSC by driving macrophages polarizationTherefore, LiCl may be an effective treatment option for preventing and treating inflammatory bone dissolution caused by wear particles