It's hammered!

Obesity is arguably one of the greatest healthcare challenges in industrialized countries
.

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing globally over the past few decades

Treatment of obesity-related diseases imposes a huge burden on society, and effective approaches are urgently needed to manage this public health problem

The gut microbiota can be thought of as an "organ" that aids in metabolism and acts as an energy store
.

Evidence to date suggests that manipulation of the gut microbiota may be an effective therapeutic approach to prevent or manage obesity, and thus dietary fiber may be an effective strategy to improve and manage obesity by modulating the gut microbiota

The gut microbiota can be thought of as an "organ" that aids in metabolism and acts as an energy store

Konjac flour (KF) mainly contains konjac glucomannan (KGM), which is a water-soluble polysaccharide (dietary fiber)
.

Konjac products are listed as one of the "Top Ten Health Foods" by the World Health Organization

To date, there is little clinical information on the effects of KF on body weight, obesity-related diseases and gut microbiota

This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of KF in obese adults

1.

90 subjects 76.

2.

pp (Fig.

Venn diagram analysis revealed that only 449 of the total abundances of 1743 otu were shared across all samples (Fig.
2E)
.

The BP group has 674 OTUs, the AP group has 576 OTUs, the BKF group has 946 OTUs, and the AKF group has 1,014 OTUs

Only 449 of the total abundances of 1743 otu were shared across all samples (Fig.

The composition of gut microbiota changed significantly before and after KF treatment
.

At the phylum level, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly increased in the AKF group compared with the BKF group ( p < 0.
05) (Fig.
3A)
.

At the phylum level, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly increased in the AKF group compared with the BKF group ( p < 0.
05) (Fig.
3A)
.
p <

At the family level, the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae, Bacillaceae, Aerococcaceae, Solirubrobacteraceae, 288-2 and RB41 were significantly increased after KF treatment, while that of Sporolactobacillaceae was significantly decreased after KF treatment ( p < 0.
05) ( Fig.
3B )
.
Furthermore, placebo treatment decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Leuconostocaceae in AP group compared with BP group ( p < 0.
05) .

Lachnospiraceae, Bacillaceae, Aerococcaceae, Solirubrobacteraceae, 288-2 and RB41 Sporolactobacillaceae p < Figure 3B Placebo treatment decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Leuconostocaceae in AP group compared with BP group ( p < 0.
05) .

p < of Bifidobacteriaceae and Leuconostocaceae

At the genus level, after KF treatment, Roseburia, Lachnoclostridium, erysipelotricaceae UCG-003, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, Fusicatenibacter, Lachnospiraceae UCG-003, senstridium sensu stricto 13, Howardella, ntestinimonas, Bacillus Holdemania, Epulopiscium , Candidatus, Soleaferrea, Solobacterium, Solirubrobacter, and Abiotrophia were significantly increased, while Lactococcus, Eubacterium brachy group, Sporolactobacillus, Geobacillus, and Silanimonas were significantly decreased (Fig.
3C)
.
In addition, the relative abundance of Dorea in the AP group was significantly decreased compared with the BP group (p < 0.
05)
.

At the genus level, after KF treatment, Roseburia, Lachnoclostridium, erysipelotricaceae UCG-003, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, Fusicatenibacter, Lachnospiraceae UCG-003, senstridium sensu stricto 13, Howardella, ntestinimonas, Bacillus Holdemania, Epulopiscium , Candidatus, Soleaferrea, Solobacterium, Solirubrobacter, and Abiotrophia were significantly increased, while Lactococcus, Eubacterium brachy group, Sporolactobacillus, Geobacillus, and Silanimonas were significantly decreased (Fig.
3C)
.
In addition, the relative abundance of Dorea in the AP group was significantly decreased compared with the BP group (p < 0.
05)
.

At the species level, the relative abundances of Roseburia inulinivorans, Clostridium perfringens, inimonas butyriciproducens, Actinomyces graevenitii, Clostridium sp.
ATCC 29733 and Solobacterium moorei were significantly increased in the AKF group compared with the BKF group
.
Compared with the BKF group, garvieae, Lactococcus garvieae, coprophilus, Bacteroides coprophilus, Bacteroides ovatus, caccae Bacteroides, Bacteroidales bacterium ph8, thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Geobacillus stearmophilus were significantly decreased in the AKF group (p < 0.
05) (Fig.
4A-N)
.
In addition, the relative abundances of B.
fragile is and B.
cacae in the AP group were significantly increased (p < 0.
05) compared with the BP group (Fig.
4A-N)
.

At the species level, the relative abundances of Roseburia inulinivorans, Clostridium perfringens, inimonas butyriciproducens, Actinomyces graevenitii, Clostridium sp.
ATCC 29733 and Solobacterium moorei were significantly increased in the AKF group compared with the BKF group
.
Compared with the BKF group, garvieae, Lactococcus garvieae, coprophilus, Bacteroides coprophilus, Bacteroides ovatus, caccae Bacteroides, Bacteroidales bacterium ph8, thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Geobacillus stearmophilus were significantly decreased in the AKF group (p < 0.
05) (Fig.
4A-N)
.
In addition, the relative abundances of B.
fragile is and B.
cacae in the AP group were significantly increased (p < 0.
05) compared with the BP group (Fig.
4A-N)
.

All in all, KF treatment can increase some good bacteria and reduce some bad bacteria
.

4.
Intestinal flora is related to obesity index and blood parameters

At the gate level, five gates were significantly associated with adiposity index and blood parameters ( p < 0.
05 or p < 0.
01) (Fig.
5A)
.
Proteobacteria are associated with obesity
.
In terms of blood parameters, Proteus was significantly positively correlated with serum AST and ALT levels ( p < 0.
01)
.

Five phyla were significantly associated with adiposity index and blood parameters ( p < 0.
05 or p < 0.
01) (Fig.
5A)
.
p < p < (Figure 5A)
.
Proteus Proteus p <

At the section level, 13 sections were significantly associated with adiposity index and blood parameters ( p < 0.
05 or p < 0.
01) (Fig.
5B)
.
Prevotella is associated with obesity
.
In terms of blood parameters, Prevotella was positively correlated with serum FBG content ( p < 0.
01)
.

p < p < (Figure 5B)
.
Prevotella is associated with obesity
.
In terms of blood parameters, Prevotella was positively correlated with serum FBG content p <

At the genus level, 16 genera were significantly associated with adiposity index and blood parameters ( p < 0.
05 or p < 0.
01) (Fig.
5C)
.
Erysipelas UCG.
003 and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 were associated with KF treatment
.
In terms of blood parameters, Erysipelas UCG.
003 was significantly negatively correlated with serum FBG content ( p < 0.
01)
.
The Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group was significantly negatively correlated with serum ALT content ( p < 0.
01)
.

p < p < (Figure 5C)
.
Erysipelas UCG.
003 and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 were associated with KF treatment
.
In terms of blood parameters, erysipelas UCG.
003 was significantly negatively correlated with serum FBG content p < Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group was significantly negatively correlated with serum ALT content p <

At the species level, 15 species were significantly associated with obesity index and blood parameters ( p < 0.
05 or p < 0.
01) (Fig.
5D)
.
Bacteroides ovale is associated with KF treatment
.
For obesity index, Bifidobacterium ovarian abundance was significantly negatively correlated with BMI and WHR ( p < 0.
01)
.
For blood parameters, C.
perfringens was significantly negatively correlated with serum TC and LDL content ( p < 0.
01)
.

p < p < (Fig.
5D)
.
Bifidobacterium ovarian p < Clostridium perfringens p <

Taken together, these bacteria affect adiposity indices and blood parameters
.

These bacteria affect obesity index and blood parameters
.

Overall, KF intervention reduced obesity markers and blood parameters, modulated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria, and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria
.
Furthermore, changes in the microbiota were strongly correlated with adiposity indices and blood parameters
.
These findings support that the anti-obesity and other effects of KF may be mediated through its selective regulation of the microbiota
.

KF intervention can reduce obesity indicators and blood parameters, regulate the diversity and composition of intestinal flora, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria
.
Furthermore, changes in the microbiota were strongly correlated with adiposity indices and blood parameters
.
These findings support that the anti-obesity and other effects of KF may be mediated through its selective regulation of the microbiota
.

 

Original source:

Li Y, et al.
Effects of Konjaku Flour on the Gut Microbiota of Obese Patients.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol.
2022 Mar 1;12:771748.
doi: 10.
3389/fcimb.
2022.
771748.
PMID: 35300378; PMCID: PMC8921482.

Li Y, et al.
Effects of Konjaku Flour on the Gut Microbiota of Obese Patients.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol.
2022 Mar 1;12:771748.
doi: 10.
3389/fcimb.
2022.
771748.
PMID: 35300378; PMCID: PMC8921482.
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