JCEM: The relationship between thyroid function and the risk of anemia

Background: Anemia is a very common disease, affecting 27% of the world's population
.

Anemia is defined as the lack of healthy red blood cells, which is related to the reduction of circulating hemoglobin (Hb) levels; the World Health Organization sets the general threshold for anemia as male <13g/dL and female <12g/dL

Anemia is defined as a lack of healthy red blood cells, which is related to a decrease in circulating hemoglobin (Hb) levels; common causes of anemia include iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiency; chronic kidney disease; and inflammatory diseases

Methods: This cross-sectional Mendelian randomized study included 445,482 European participants (mean age 56.
77 years (SD8.
0); 54.
2% of them were women) from the UK Biobank
.

There were 21860 cases of hypothyroidism (4.

Results: In the cross-sectional Logistic regression analysis, although the confidence interval of hyperthyroidism was wide, the relative risk of anemia in patients with clinically diagnosed hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was higher (OR1.
12; 95% CI, 1.
05~1.
19 and OR1.
09; 95%CI, 0.
91~1.
30)
.

We did not observe a higher or lower correlation between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anemia (vs median: or was the lowest quintile 0.

Table 1 The relationship between self-reported participants with a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism compared with participants who did not report a clinical diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and anemia

Table 1 The relationship between self-reported participants with a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism compared with participants who did not report a clinical diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and anemia

Table 2 genetic influence UK Biobank crowd TSH and FT4 thyroid status and anemia in ^a

Table 2 Genetic influence on the thyroid status and anemia of TSH and FT4 in the UK Biobank population ^{a a}

Table 3 Genetic variation of deiodinase gene and anemia in the population of the British Biobank ^a

Table 3 Genetic variation of deiodinase gene and anemia in the population of the British Biobank ^{a a}

Conclusion: Although the clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism is associated with a higher risk of anemia, we found no evidence to support a causal relationship between changes in thyroid function within the normal thyroid
.

However, the intracellular regulation of thyroid hormones may play a role in the development of anemia

Although the clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism is associated with a higher risk of anemia, we found no evidence to support the causality of changes in thyroid function within the normal thyroid

van Vliet NA, Kamphuis AEP, den Elzen WPJ,et al.

Thyroid function and risk of anemia: a multivariable-adjusted and Mendelian Randomization analysis in the UK Biobank.
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