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Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis that occurs due to the increase of serum uric acid level and the deposition of monosodium urate, which leads to joint damage and decreased quality of life in patients.
It has been confirmed that obesity is one of the independent risk factors for gout attacks, but the influence of weight changes in adulthood and weight changes within a specific age range on gout attacks is still unclear.
To this end, scholars from Capital Medical University conducted a cohort study to investigate the relationship between the pattern of weight change in adulthood and gout attacks, and explored the "residual risk" hypothesis, that is, individuals who have successfully lost weight are still at high risk of gout attacks.
For those whose weight remains normal.
The results were recently published online in the journal Arthritis Res Ther.
(IF: 4.
103).
Study Design The study used personal data from 40-74 years old who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (2007-2014).
The survey was based on the weight of participants at the age of 25 (adolescence) and the previous 10 years (30-64 years) of the survey.
Participants' weight change from youth to middle age.
The study also extracted the gout attacks of the participants from the 10 years before the survey to the time of the survey, and divided the participants into four groups: the persistent obesity group (BMI25≥30kg/m2→BMI10 years ago≥30kg/m2), increase (BMI25<30kg/m2→BMI ≥30kg/m2 10 years ago), reduction and reorganization (BMI25≥30kg/m2→BMI<30kg/m2 10 years ago), normal weight group (BMI25<30kg/m2→BMI<30kg/10 years ago m2).
The study evaluated the relationship between weight change patterns and gout attacks through hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of weight change patterns.
Study Results The study included 11079 participants, and 320 gout events occurred during the 10-year follow-up period.
Among the participants, 6.
5% were in the persistent obesity group, 20.
8% were in the weight gain group, 1.
0% were in the weight loss group, and 71.
7% were in the normal weight group.
Weight change patterns can affect gout attacks.
During the 10-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of gout among the four groups of participants was: ➤Continuous obesity group 4.
12% (31 cases, 95% CI: 2.
53-6.
63) ➤Increase 4.
19% ( 113 cases, 95% CI: 3.
31-5.
28) ➤ Decrease 0.
87% (2 cases, 95% CI: 0.
15-4.
74) ➤ Normal weight group 1.
96% (174 cases, 95% CI: 1.
58-2.
43) The above data show that, The pattern of weight change is related to the onset of gout, and the cumulative incidence of gout in the weight gain group and the continuous obesity group is higher than that of the weight loss group and the normal weight group.
The persistent obesity group and the increased risk of gout were significantly increased.
The study found that compared with the normal weight group, the persistent obesity group and the increased risk of gout attacks were significantly increased: ➤Continuous obesity group: HR=1.
84 (95%CI: 1.
08) -3.
14) ➤Increase and recombination: HR=1.
65 (95%CI: 1.
19-2.
29) There is no significant difference in the risk of gout between the recombination and the normal weight group.
Compared with the normal weight group, the recombination gout attack risk HR=0.
48 (95%).
CI: 0.
09-2.
61), which indicates that there is no significant difference in the risk of gout attacks between the two groups.
This result refutes the "residual risk" hypothesis.
Reducing to normal weight can effectively reduce the risk of gout.
The study also calculated the proportion of gout events that can be avoided under different assumptions.
The data shows that if the weight is increased to maintain normal weight, 11.
5% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 4.
6-17.
9); if the obese group maintains a normal weight, 3.
2% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 0.
0-6.
3); if all participants maintain a normal weight, 32.
9% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 18.
2-44.
9).
Research conclusions The study found that the pattern of weight change can affect gout attacks.
Higher body weight in adulthood can increase gout attacks.
This result emphasizes the importance of maintaining a normal weight in adulthood. Research data shows that there is no significant difference in gout risk between individuals who have successfully lost weight and those who have normal weight, which refutes the "residual risk" hypothesis.
At the same time, the hypothetical analysis of the study shows that reducing to normal weight can effectively reduce the risk of gout.
In short, maintaining a normal weight in adulthood is beneficial and can reduce the risk of gout in obese people.
Finally, the researchers stated that identifying people at higher risk of gout is very important for the early prevention of gout.
In addition, it is necessary to conduct clinical trials to explore the long-term health outcomes of weight interventions.
References: Bai L, Zhou JB, Zhou T, et al.
Incident gout and weight change patterns: a retrospective cohort study of US adults[J].
Arthritis Res Ther.
2021 Mar 2;23(1):69.
It has been confirmed that obesity is one of the independent risk factors for gout attacks, but the influence of weight changes in adulthood and weight changes within a specific age range on gout attacks is still unclear.
To this end, scholars from Capital Medical University conducted a cohort study to investigate the relationship between the pattern of weight change in adulthood and gout attacks, and explored the "residual risk" hypothesis, that is, individuals who have successfully lost weight are still at high risk of gout attacks.
For those whose weight remains normal.
The results were recently published online in the journal Arthritis Res Ther.
(IF: 4.
103).
Study Design The study used personal data from 40-74 years old who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (2007-2014).
The survey was based on the weight of participants at the age of 25 (adolescence) and the previous 10 years (30-64 years) of the survey.
Participants' weight change from youth to middle age.
The study also extracted the gout attacks of the participants from the 10 years before the survey to the time of the survey, and divided the participants into four groups: the persistent obesity group (BMI25≥30kg/m2→BMI10 years ago≥30kg/m2), increase (BMI25<30kg/m2→BMI ≥30kg/m2 10 years ago), reduction and reorganization (BMI25≥30kg/m2→BMI<30kg/m2 10 years ago), normal weight group (BMI25<30kg/m2→BMI<30kg/10 years ago m2).
The study evaluated the relationship between weight change patterns and gout attacks through hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of weight change patterns.
Study Results The study included 11079 participants, and 320 gout events occurred during the 10-year follow-up period.
Among the participants, 6.
5% were in the persistent obesity group, 20.
8% were in the weight gain group, 1.
0% were in the weight loss group, and 71.
7% were in the normal weight group.
Weight change patterns can affect gout attacks.
During the 10-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of gout among the four groups of participants was: ➤Continuous obesity group 4.
12% (31 cases, 95% CI: 2.
53-6.
63) ➤Increase 4.
19% ( 113 cases, 95% CI: 3.
31-5.
28) ➤ Decrease 0.
87% (2 cases, 95% CI: 0.
15-4.
74) ➤ Normal weight group 1.
96% (174 cases, 95% CI: 1.
58-2.
43) The above data show that, The pattern of weight change is related to the onset of gout, and the cumulative incidence of gout in the weight gain group and the continuous obesity group is higher than that of the weight loss group and the normal weight group.
The persistent obesity group and the increased risk of gout were significantly increased.
The study found that compared with the normal weight group, the persistent obesity group and the increased risk of gout attacks were significantly increased: ➤Continuous obesity group: HR=1.
84 (95%CI: 1.
08) -3.
14) ➤Increase and recombination: HR=1.
65 (95%CI: 1.
19-2.
29) There is no significant difference in the risk of gout between the recombination and the normal weight group.
Compared with the normal weight group, the recombination gout attack risk HR=0.
48 (95%).
CI: 0.
09-2.
61), which indicates that there is no significant difference in the risk of gout attacks between the two groups.
This result refutes the "residual risk" hypothesis.
Reducing to normal weight can effectively reduce the risk of gout.
The study also calculated the proportion of gout events that can be avoided under different assumptions.
The data shows that if the weight is increased to maintain normal weight, 11.
5% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 4.
6-17.
9); if the obese group maintains a normal weight, 3.
2% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 0.
0-6.
3); if all participants maintain a normal weight, 32.
9% of gout events can be avoided (95% CI: 18.
2-44.
9).
Research conclusions The study found that the pattern of weight change can affect gout attacks.
Higher body weight in adulthood can increase gout attacks.
This result emphasizes the importance of maintaining a normal weight in adulthood. Research data shows that there is no significant difference in gout risk between individuals who have successfully lost weight and those who have normal weight, which refutes the "residual risk" hypothesis.
At the same time, the hypothetical analysis of the study shows that reducing to normal weight can effectively reduce the risk of gout.
In short, maintaining a normal weight in adulthood is beneficial and can reduce the risk of gout in obese people.
Finally, the researchers stated that identifying people at higher risk of gout is very important for the early prevention of gout.
In addition, it is necessary to conduct clinical trials to explore the long-term health outcomes of weight interventions.
References: Bai L, Zhou JB, Zhou T, et al.
Incident gout and weight change patterns: a retrospective cohort study of US adults[J].
Arthritis Res Ther.
2021 Mar 2;23(1):69.
