Scientists have found immune cells that reduce the risk of respiratory allergies and asthma.

Although, the house is full of dust mites (HDMs), so much so that they stir up when we clean the room.
but most people have immune cells that respond to common allergens, such as HDM, so we don't have allergies.
this, some people experience typical allergic symptoms: sneezing, runny nose, itchy nose and swelling.
people respond more severely: life-threatening asthma, for example.
to treat allergies and asthma, researchers need to know exactly what the differences are between these patients and other healthy individuals.
study, published recently in ImmunoSciencelogy, the La Hoya Institute of Allergy and Immunology (LJI) in the United States provides a clue as to why healthy individuals do not react strongly to HDM.
they found a previously unknown subgeneration of T-cells that control allergic immune reactions and asthma development in response to indoor dust mites and other possible allergens.
the study's lead author, Dr. Grégory Seumois, head of LJI's sequencing core, said: "We have identified new immune cell subplogies and new therapeutic opportunities.
this new cell population is one of many unknown mechanisms that explain why healthy people do not have an inflammatory reaction when inhaling allergens.
study highlights the potential of revealing new biology through unbiased single-cell genomics methods," said study co-author Professor Pandurangan Vijayanand of LJI.
based on Vijayanand's laboratory expertise in the relationship between gene expression and disease development.
team also used an immune table database led by LJI.
database contains information on how the immune system interacts with allergens such as HDM.
you pay attention to HDM? Because these tiny creatures are hard to avoid, almost everyone is exposed to them.
the immune system of even people who are not allergic to HDM may produce some form of response when learning to recognize HDM molecules.
makes HDM a useful model for studying the causes of allergies and asthma attacks.
LJI's team used the techniques in the Genome Revolution tool library, single-cell RNA-seq (or single-cell transcriptomics), to pinpoint which genes and molecules these specific T-cells produce when responding to HDM allergens.
tested the cells of four groups of subjects: those with asthma and HDM allergies, those with asthma but not allergies to HDM, those who were allergic only to HDM, and healthy subjects.
analysis showed that in the blood of people with HDM allergic asthma, an auxiliary T-cell substation of HDM reactive cells expressed by lecytocyte interleulin (IL)-9 Th2 was more common than in those who were allergic only to HDM.
further analysis showed that these IL9-TH2 cells were rich in a group of molecules/genes, increasing their toxic potential.
other words, these specific T-cells can kill other cells and cause inflammation.
, the other part of T-cells was more prominent in non-allergic subjects.
these T-cells express a "interferon response signal" and are rich in a gene that encodes the RAIL protein.
by Sumois and his colleagues suggests that RAIL may be important because it inhibits the activation of auxiliary T cells.
findings may mean that people with this particular group of cells may have fewer T-cell-driven inflammations in the reaction of HDM allergens.
, this can provide a clue as to why some people develop allergies and asthma while others don't.
Seumois said: "Now, if functional studies confirm this inhibition, we wonder if there is a way to promote the activity or proliferation of these T-cells in people with asthma or allergies."
can we affect these cells earlier than we do before an asthma attack? "For example, genomics research like this may help us identify children at risk of asthma and allergies in the future.
early detection of disease risk helps us pre-act on immune cells before the disease occurs.
Seumois stressed that much remained to be done, he said the transcriptional histology used in the study could speed up future asthma and allergy studies.
s the first large-scale single-cell RNA-seq transcriptional group analysis," said Seumois, a professor at the European Union.
we have developed experimental techniques and analytical pathways that can be applied to many diseases.
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