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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Digestive System Information > The link between colon cancer and IBD may find answers in these DNA-damaging molecules!

    The link between colon cancer and IBD may find answers in these DNA-damaging molecules!

    • Last Update: 2023-01-06
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Executive Summary


    On October 27, a study published in Science identified a previously unknown class of DNA-damaging molecules (which were named "indoleamine") that may help explain why people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher
    chance of colorectal cancer than people without the disease.

    Study screenshots

    status quo


    The new study adds to the researchers' understanding
    of how other bacteria can cause these diseases.

    Sears, a professor of medicine and oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, said
    • We have a wealth of data—and this is just another "supplemental" data—linking the microbiome to colon disease and colon cancer
      .
      In the long term, this direction of research could lead to screening tools that help doctors identify patients at high risk of colon cancer by simply taking stool samples
      .
      It may also lead to preventive treatment that reduces the abundance of cancer-associated bacteria in a patient's gut, thereby reducing their risk
      of disease.

    • We certainly know these clinical associations, but we don't know how to prevent them, or disrupt them, to reduce the risk of
      cancer.

    • We need to figure out at the molecular level what the medium is so that we can bring something to the
      bedside for the patient.

    conclusion


    To discover the mysterious DNA-damaging molecule, the researchers first screened stool samples from 11 IBD patients for more than 100 gut bacteria (IBD is a term that includes ulcerative colitis, which causes ulcers in the lining of the colon and rectum and causes inflammation of all or part of the digestive tract, most commonly in the small intestine
    .

    The team grew each of these bacterial strains in laboratory dishes containing DNA and identified 18 strains
    that damaged genetic molecules.
    From these strains, the scientists identified individual molecules produced by the bacteria and tested which ones caused DNA damage
    .

    This study shows:
    • Not only did they discover indomolin, but they identified the bacterial gene needed to make them: the so-called aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) gene, which codes for an enzyme
      .

    • In mouse models of colorectal cancer, strains of the AAT gene exacerbated tumor growth
      .

    • But by removing this gene from the bacteria, the team stopped the manufacture of indololimus, which stopped the cancer from growing
      .

    prospect


    Sears, a professor of medicine and oncology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, said:
    • In the study, the researchers used "gnotobiotic" mice, meaning they picked exactly which bacteria would grow in rodents, but currently only included seven other bacteria
      that were not genotoxic.

    • More work is needed to understand the prevalence of different types of IBD and colorectal cancer
      .

    • Follow-up studies also need to pinpoint exactly how indomorin causes DNA damage compared to other genetic toxins, and how much
      influence these molecules have on cancer development.


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