Two Cell papers reveal that powerful human-medium antibodies are expected to fight attacks from eastern horse encephalitis, Hendra and Nipah viruses

December 12, 2020 /--- While COVID-19 has grabbed headlines, scientists are making steady progress in the fight against other dangerous viruses.
include Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, EEEV, Hendra virus, Hev and Nipah virus, Nipah virus, NiV.
eastern Malaysia is one of the most toxic viruses in North America.
hendra and Nipa viruses are endemic in Southeast Asia.
, like COVID-19, there is no way to stop these scourges.
, however, in two papers published this week in the journal Cell, Dr. James Crowe Jr. of Vanderburg University Medical Center and colleagues made new progress in developing human monoclonal antibodies that could potentially treat and prevent these infections.
in their first paper, the researchers reported that two powerful neutral antibodies ---EEEV-33 and EEEV-143 --- isolated from survivors of natural infection with eastern horse encephalitis virus protected mice from the deadly attack of the virus aerosol.
results were published online December 9, 2020 in the journal Cell, under the title "Human Antibodies Protected Against Aerosolized Eastern Equine Virusitis VirusEs."
from Cell, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.011.
they reconstructed the composites formed when combined with Sindbis/EEEV chimed virus particles with these two neutrolys, EEEV-33 and EEEV-143, at resolutions of 7.2 and 8.3 E, respectively.
two different antigens that are essential to inhibiting the virus from entering the host cell.
EEEV-33 and EEEV-143 are free from disease after a rigorous and deadly EEEV aerosol attack on mice.
these results provide new insights into the molecular basis of human anti-EEEV and antibody responses, and promote the development of vaccines and antibody drugs.
paper, they found the first naturally occurring human monoclonal antibodies that target Hendra virus-binding proteins.
all of these antibodies neutral the Hendra virus, and some of them neutral the Nipa virus, including two of the most powerful cross-reactive neutral antibodies: HENV-26 and HENV-32.
results were published in the December 10, 2020 issue of cell, under the title "Potent Henipavirus Neutralization by Antibodies Recognizing Diverse Sites on Hendra and Nipah Virus Receptor Protein Binding."
from Cell, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.023.
studies have shown that HENV-26 and HENV-32 protect ferrets in deadly infection models after 3 days of exposure to the Bangladeshi strain of Nipa virus.
they analyzed the crystal structure of HENV-26 when hendra virus-binding proteins (HeV-RBP) and Nippa virus-binding proteins (NiV-RBP) bind together, and henV-32 binding with HeV-RBP.
the results reveal different vulnerability points of the viral's binding protein through powerful human monoclonal antibodies that inhibit viruses through a variety of mechanisms.
reveal promising preventive antibodies and protective esoids that can be used in sound vaccine design.
these two studies are supported by OD020011, HL069765, AI145189, AI142790, AI095436, TR002243, AI142764, and AI152332 from the National Institutes of Health.
(Bioon.com) Reference: 1. Lauren E. Williamson et al. Human Antibodies Protect against Aerosolized Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection. Cell, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.011.2.Jinhui Dong et al. Potent Henipavirus Neutralization by Antibodies Recognizing Diverse Sites on Hendra and Nipah Virus Receptor Binding Protein. Cell, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.023.3.Exploiting viral vulnerabilities。